Tuesday, December 31, 2019

The Death of Equal Opportunity in Michigan - 3739 Words

The Death of Equal Opportunity in Michigan? An Analysis of Michigan’s Proposal 2 7/20/2007 |Table of Contents | | | | | | | | | |Page | |I. |Nature and Background | | | |A.†¦show more content†¦For the purposes of the following discussion, the term â€Å"race† will be assumed to include both race and ethnicity. Although racial groups consist of individuals, those individuals belonging to a particular race often share similar background, family, and historical experiences in addition to life situations and circumstances. It is this background, life experience, and resultant world-view which truly binds together racial groups, rather than simply the color of their skin. Due to the complexity related to both individual and group racial identity, the subject is inherently interesting. Even more complex is the subject of race relations, which are the interaction and relationships between different racial groups. This interaction can be examined from infinite angles and on many levels. For instance, on an economic level, do members of different races have equal access to jobs? Do members of different races control a vastly different percentage of the country’s wealth? On a political level, do different races exert greater control over the political process? Does this control result in legislative and/or legal bias? Is this bias racism? The issue of affirmative action incorporates all of these questions and more, so it is not surprising that it generates controversy. This was the case when, in November 2006, the voters of Michigan approved ballot initiative Proposal 2; anShow MoreRelatedA Feminist Report Of The Modern Society1160 Words   |  5 PagesWomen and men in America in the 21st century are not treated as equals in social, economic, or political aspects of society, ergo feminism—the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities, is still a necessity in the modern society of America. Before we discuss social equality, we must comprehend what â€Å"social equality† is. Social equality is â€Å"the social state of affairs whereby all the people in the society have equal rights under the law, including the right to vote, physicalRead MoreThe Amendment Of Same Sex Marriage1441 Words   |  6 Pagesmanner as it does to opposite- sex couples.† (Whalen) The exclusion of same sex couples from the right to marry one another goes against the Due Process Clause. â€Å"The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment also guarantees the right to same-sex couples to marry as the denial of that right would deny same-sex couples equal protection under the law.† (Whalen) Religious organizations have to adhere to the principals of same sex marriages. â€Å"The Constitution and judicial precedent clearly protectRead MoreSojourner Truth And The Truth993 Words   |  4 Pageschildren. After several years she ran away from her owner and went to work for a family as a maid. When she later became a free person, she became a Civil Rights Activist for women. Sojourner Truth was known for spontaneous speeches on racial equal opportunities. She was known for her speech â€Å"Anit I a Women â€Å"This speech was first given to an Ohio Women’s Rights convention in 1851. This is the life of events of Sojourner Truth, and how she was and still to this day remembered for all the work, and speechesRead MoreA Feminist Report Of The Modern Society795 Words   |  4 Pagesneeded, because women of the 21st century have the same rights as every other person. But sadly, that is not true. Women and men in America in the 21st century are not treated as equals in social, economic, or political aspects of society, ergo feminism—the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities, is still a necessity in the modern society of America. The true intention of feminism is NOT to degrade men and preach that women are hig h and mighty and deserved to be treatedRead MoreRacist Material At Their Age1442 Words   |  6 Pageshotel for protection while police investigated hate mail directed towards the students. Two of the letters included racial slurs and general threats; a third letter included a death threat towards a black student. These students are being hated on because of their race and some are even going to extremes and sending death threats. The relations between races on school campuses are very thin and it’s getting thinner. More and more people are being discriminated on campuses, not just by their peersRead MoreThe Fight Over Assisted Suicide1746 Words   |  7 Pagessuicide is a violation of the Due Process Clause which was heard during the case of Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health in which the Supreme Court ruled it was the patients right to refuse medical treatment, even if refusal would lead to death (Cruzan v. Director, MHD). The Supreme Court also heard the c ase of Washington v. Glucksberg in 1997 during which time there were four physicians arguing that Washington’s assisted suicide ban was unconstitutional because it violated the FourteenthRead More The Death Penalty Is Necessary Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesThe death penalty otherwise known as capital punishment, is the most extreme punishment a government can implement on its own people. Presently, only eight-six countries have completely abolished the use of capital punishment, while seventy-four countries still retain some use of the death penalty. Throughout history, the controversy over the necessity of the use of the death penalty has continued. Many oppose the death penalty on basis of moral and ethical grounds, but one must keep in mind thatRead MoreBenefits Of A Transplant Or A Kidney Transplant1646 Words   |  7 Pageseach number could be a mom, dad, brother, sister, grandparent, child or a best friend. What matters most is that number equals a life lost or lived by a transplant. Being a donor myself, there are many stigmas and false accusations about this topic and in becoming an organ donor after death it is not only an important decision for oneself to know the truth about this opportunity, but it is also one step closer to simply saving a life. According to David Howard, â€Å"Organ transplantation is one of theRead MoreProblems with the Death Penalty Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Death Penalty To begin with, I will be telling you information that shows that the death penalty is unfair, cruel, and very wasteful. To start with, I will prove to you how poor people are not getting the correct representation they deserve. Nextly, I will tell you about how the innocent have been accused of horrible crimes they didnt commit and even in some cases how they were almost killed and how some have been killed. Finally, I will show you how the death penaltyRead MoreChicago Race Riots Of 19191197 Words   |  5 Pagesinvisible line; the black beach on 25th street and whites on 29th street. The story of Eugene Williams swimming on the beach worsened after a white police officer, Dan Callahan, refused to intervene or arrest the group of white men responsible for his death, in turn starting the deadliest racial violence in Chicago history. The riot lasted a week with protestors full of rage mostly on the South side with white gangs attacking isolated blacks and blacks attacking isolated whites. In â€Å"City of Courts† by

Monday, December 23, 2019

Business Ethics Of International Business Culture,...

Name: Mohamad Alqahtani Instructor Name: Keith Kelley Course: INB385 International Business Date: October 11, 2015 Response to Ethical Challenges in International Business: Culture, Consumers and Employees Introduction General business ethics applies in the case of international business. However, international business ethics poses a particularly different difficulty- from domestic business- as a result of the scope of diversity that managers have to deal with: cultural, economic and legal, etc. Although the contents of business ethics are to an extent informed by the legal framework (including laws and regulatory policy), it is important to distinguish the legal from the ethical concerns. Besides, not all nations have the same laws governing the issues that ethics concerns itself with. Companies may take advantage of lax legal situations in certain countries, especially the developing world, to conduct unethical business. Yet, all companies, wherever part of the globe they are, have the obligation to take these issues seriously: discrimination based on race, gender, culture, sexual orientation, religion, age; poor or unsafe labor conditions and pay; bribery and corruption; thievery of land, money and other natural resources and/or intellectual property; pollution; national discrimination based on trade partnerships (tariffs, barriers, embargos); currency manipulation; price-fixing; product-safety; national security; stakeholder importance, among many others. ThisShow MoreRelatedEssay about Business Ethics1439 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is ethics? Ethics can be defined as a set of principles used by an individual to govern his or her decisions in an effort to ensure fairness and equality. Business ethics, as defined by the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy is the applied ethics discipline that addresses the moral features of commercial activity. The same source also gives a history of business ethics which states that the concept as an academic principle is relatively young-only about forty years old; but in general is asRead MoreIndividual Rights and the Business Organization1543 Words   |  6 PagesIndividual Rights and the Business Organization Individual Rights and the Business Organization Introduction In todays highly uncertain business environment, businesses and individuals face a number of ethical issues which arise due to different internal and external environmental factors and impact the individuals within and outside the organizations. The ethical issues which negatively impact the privacy, morale, and societal values of individuals include fraudulent business practices and unethicalRead MoreEssay about Ethics in International Business1657 Words   |  7 Pages Ethics in International Business Abstract International business ethics challenges the corporate world to deal with questions of what to do in situations where ethical standards come into conflict as a result of the different cultural practices in the nation. Since, there is this dilemma that has progressively troubled the large multinational corporations, international business ethics has arisen to help address these adhesive subject matters. There are several international business ethicsRead MoreThe Top 2015 Best Companies For Multicultural Women1420 Words   |  6 Pagesand promoting women of color and minorities. Every organization that participates in this event is judged in the following categories and is also required to employ five hundred U.S. employees (NAFE). o Representation o Hiring, Attrition and Promotions o Recruitment, Retention and Advancement Program o Company Culture After conducting extensive research and reviewing a list of twenty five organizations, there are five organizations that came to be the top five and fit the criteria to be the best companiesRead MoreAdjusting to Cultural Change1761 Words   |  7 Pagescultural change: How U.S. business men and women have to adjust to various cultural changers to succeed in the international market. Abstract Culture inevitably influences the needs and desires of consumers of particular countries and socialized groups, consequently, businesses, in order to succeed have to be aware of cultural interests and target their products and operations to cultural demands. Succeeding necessitates knowing the factors that crisscross with the other culture and understanding theRead MoreEthics in the Workplace1201 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in the Workplace Classical and Contemporary Ethical Philosophies Ethical philosophies served as guide for people in the workplace to make moral decisions in conducting business. There are classical normative ethical philosophies as well as contemporary ethical philosophies being used. They have been applied in the different levels or dimensions of the business organizations. People do know that there are business organizations that have disregarded ethical standards and encounters ethicalRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics1457 Words   |  6 PagesCode of Ethics A business code of ethics is a series of established principles an organization uses when operating in business or society. Organizations often develop these codes to ensure that all individuals working in the company operate according to the same standards. Most individuals have an internal code of ethics or moral principles they follow in life. A situation one individual finds ethically reprehensible may not seem so to another individual. Using a code of ethics in business attemptsRead MoreThe Role Of Ethics And Culture On An International Business Environment1508 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Geert Hofstede is one of many sociologists that studied and emphasized the importance of ethics and culture in an international business environment. He contended how the culture of the leaders and staff can help one to determine the achievement or ineffectiveness of that business. Rue Byars described leadership as an ability to influence people and willingly follow one’s guidance or adhere to one’s decisions (Rue, Byars, 2009). The most successful CEO’s and leaders have a well-definedRead MoreThe Changing Role of Hr Management1106 Words   |  5 PagesManagement The Changing Role of HR Management For years, businesses relied on personnel departments for the management of their employees. The primary concerns of the personnel departments included attendance records, benefits, and salary. Therefore, the personnel departments did not consider the importance of contributions a company’s employees made to the business. These contributions included such things as diversity and intellectual capital. As businesses began to expand globally, they beganRead MoreThe Industry Environment : Walmart s Competitiveness1616 Words   |  7 Pagessize and their brand strength. And Carrefour is the main rival in Walmart s international business areas especially in China. Part 7 The SWOT Analysis and the Core Issue Strengths Walmart has a good corporate and brand image. Customers shopping in Walmart can experience considerate service. And because of economies of scale, Walmart has low prices every day. Besides the price, product diversification and its international logistics system which supported by the advanced information technology are

Saturday, December 14, 2019

My walk with the Lord Free Essays

I realized I needed the Lord as a teenager. Because I grew up in a Christian home, and went to church on a regular basis, I never really experienced that close and personal relationship with the Lord. It wasn’t until I was in high school that I grew close to Christ. We will write a custom essay sample on My walk with the Lord or any similar topic only for you Order Now My father fought stomach cancer for two years, and the three months he spent at home with our family taught me to rely on God for everything. It was only through prayer and reading Bible passages that I was able to be strong as my father passed away. This was a tumultuous period for me; I was begging God for more time with my father, and praying for Him to ease my father’s pain. Instead of God healing my father, he showed me that Jesus is alive and with us. I was desperate to walk with Jesus Christ, and He helped me to see that He was with my father and my family. I always understood that Jesus is our Savior, yet I didn’t truly believe that He is alive in our heart, until my father’s illness. That was when I felt the promise that He would always listen to my prayers and be with me. The Spirit guided me through my prayers during different times, especially during my junior year in high school. I have faith in eternal life and a strong conviction that I could never obtain through education, but only by experience in Jesus Christ. As a result, I have decided I will do whatever God leads me to do until the day I get to meet my father in heaven. I now truly understand the principles and ideas being taught in my church, and I have begun applying them to my own life. I have learned that every good gift and every perfect gift is from above (James 1:17) and also that if I ask, it shall be given; seek, and I shall find; knock and it shall be opened. (Matthew 7:7). These lessons, although filled with a joyful promise, have not always come easy. There have been times I have prayed so much for something, to have it not happen or to not be fulfilled. It has taken many years to understand that The Lord’s path is the right path, and my way is not always what is best for me. Often times, however, I have been able to see God’s plan for me, after the fact, and was thankful that e is in control of my life. Any problems or questions I find in my life, I have learned that I can turn to the scriptures for the answers, like a handbook for life. I also know that the Lord is with me at all times. Like in Psalms 23, probably one of the most well-known verses, I know that The Lord is my Shepard, and I shall not want. And Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me. In times of solitude or despair, I have taken comfort from this passage. My walk with The Lord is a constant journey. Each day I learn more and trust in His grace further. Although at times it is hard to trust in the unknown, I have put all of my heart into Him, and I know that He will provide for me. Because I realize this, I hope to help others to also understand and come to know Jesus. He has said, in Luke 16:15-16, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned. I want to live my life for Christ. I want others to see His good works through me. I want to continue to grow in His Almighty grace and spirit. I want to help unbelievers experience the incredible rock that I have found to help me through good times and bad, and to know the one I call Jesus. How to cite My walk with the Lord, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Use Only Essay Example For Students

Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Use Only Essay The history of U.S. policy toward mind-altering substances has followed cycles of tolerance and intolerance ever since the mid-19th century. Walking into a smoked filled room, of young and old engaged in therapeutic activities for numerous health conditions, has been practice worldwide. In fact, the medical use of the cannabis plant goes back at least 5,000 years to ancient China. It was used by most of the worlds cultures for its healing properties (Medical Marijuana Cases 1). Today such conditions as Migraine headaches, Glaucoma, Cancer, Epilepsy, Asthma AIDS/HIV, Spinal injury, Muscle spasms, Insomnia etc., could be treated for symptomatic relief with cannabis or cannabis extract. However, marijuana is still considered an illegal drug in most states in the United States. We will write a custom essay on Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Use Only specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Marijuana usage may have been common 20-30 years ago, but it really isnt any longer. Judy Foreman states that a hardy band of activists seeking legislative approval of perennial bill that would bring Massachusetts in line with 34 other states in letting patients with certain conditions smoke marijuana (1). 2 What was known, as the wicked weed of the sixties can be good medicine . Marijuana certainly seems safer than may other drugs, even aspirin that causes gastrointestinal bleeding, killing hundreds of people every year (Grinspoon/Bakalar 4).3 There are lots of drugs American society does not let people use except under doctors care, for instance, cocaine, Demerol, est. No one Rivera 2thinks we have legalized cocaine because we let surgeon or anesthesiologists use it. Therefore, the notion that there is a link between medical use and whether people should to be able to legally get stoned is nonsense. One situation does not necessarily include the other. Nevertheless, there has not b een a single death by overdose (Foreman 4).2 As an enlightened society, we must reconsider the legalization of marijuana for medical use only as it eases pain and suffering of many illnesses. To effect changing the attitudes within our society about marijuana, one must be realistic about the legislation of our own bodies. Right now cocaine and morphine are prescribed legally as medicines, and those legal uses are not adding in any significant way to the country drug problem. While experts debate the medical use of marijuana, patients in Santa Cruz, San Francisco and Alameda County are lining up at Cannabis Buyers Club to receive the drug. Despite the coffee house atmosphere at the Cannabis Buyers Club marijuana remains illegal. Although some chronically ill people and their physicians argue that the drug eases their pain and suffering, the question still is fiercely debated by law enforcement and the medical community (Donnelly 1-2).4 Modeled after underground pharmacies that provide AIDS patients with unapproved drugs, Buyers Clubs have existed informally for at least 15 years. Nevertheless, whether theres a medical need still is debatable. On the other hand, officials a t the U.S. Drugs Enforcement Administration insist there are few, if any therapeutic uses of marijuana. In fact, they point out smoking harms the lungs (Donnelly 3).4 The American Medical Association does not condone the Rivera 3use of marijuana, although it does support further stating that under the direction of a doctor may be appropriate for certain conditions (Donnelly 3).4 The media address the subject in a language that precludes rational debate: Crime related to drugs prohibition is systematically described as drug related. Furthermore, most people seem to be deeply religiously committed to a medicalized view of life. Many take seriously the proposition that just into his head, it is also not its business what substance he puts into this body. In a free society the governments duty is to protect individuals from others who might harm them. In 1980, there were almost twice as may violent offenders in federal prisons as drug offenders (Schlosser 91).5 Today there are far more people in federal prison for marijuana crimes than for violent crimes. More people are incarcerated in the nations prisons for marijuana than manslaughter or rap (Schlosser 92).5 Attempts to reduce dangerous prison overcrowding have been disadvantaged by the nations drug law. Across the country prisons are filled with nonviolent fenders who mandatory minimum sentences do not allow for parole. At the same time violent offenders are routinely being granted early release (Schlosser 92).5 For example, Eric Schlosser reports this incident:Eight years ago Douglas Lamar Gray brought a pound of marijuana in a room at the Econo Lodge in Decatur, Alabama. He planned to keep a few ounces for himself and sell the rest to some friends. Gray was a Vietnam veteran wit h an artificial leg. As a young man, hed been convicted of a number of petty crimes none serious enough to warrant a prison warrant. He had stayed out of trouble for thirteen years. He now owned his Rivera 4own business called Grays Roofing and Remodeling Company. He had a home, a wife and a two-year-old son. The man who sold him the drug, Jimmy Wilcox was a felon just released from prison with more than thirty convictions on his record. Wilcox was also an informer employed by the Morgan County Drug Task Force. The local sheriffs department, as part of a sting, had supplied the pound of marijuana. After paying Wilcox $900 for the pot, which seemed like a real bargain, Douglas Lamar Gray was arrested and charged with trafficking in cannabis. He was trailed, convicted, fined $2500,00 sentenced to life in prison without parole, and sent to the maximum security penitentiary in Springville, Alabama an aging, overcrowded prison filled with murderers and other violent inmates. He remains t here to this day (Schlosser 90).5 Perhaps the politicians real fear was that freedom to use soft drugs would automatically progress to increased use of substance such as cocaine and heroin. If so they must have overlooked the recent Dutch government review which pointed out that decriminalization or possession of soft drugs has not led to a rise in the use of hard drugs (Lancet 1).6 Studies revealed that almost a third of all violent offenders who are released from prison will be arrested for another violent crime within three years. No one knows how many violent crimes these inmates commented without ever being caught. According to a report from the Center of Juvenile and Criminal Justice, Californians much heralded three strikes youre out, twice as many people have been imprisoned for marijuana offenses compared to murdering, raping, and kidnapping combined (Schlosser 92).5 Newt Gingrich introduced legislation demanding either a life sentence or death penalty for anyone caught bri nging more than two ounces of marijuana into the United States. Gringrichs bill attracted twenty-six Rivera 5co-sponsors, though if failed to reach the house floor. Under civil forfeiture statues passed by Congress in the 1980s, the federal government now has the right to seize real estate, vehicles, cash securities, jewelry and other property connected to a marijuana offense. The government need not prove that the property was brought with the proceeds of illegal drug sales, only that it was used or was intended to be use in a crime (Schlosser 95).5 If the owner had no involvement in, or knowledge of the crime, he or she can lose all property as well. When property is seized, its legal title passes instantly to the government. The proceeds from an asset for features are divided among the law enforcement involved in the case, a policy that invites the abuse of power. The willingness to turn informer has become more important to a drug offenders fate than his or her role in a crime ( Schlosser 95-96).5 The U.S. attorney not the judge, decides whether the defendants cooperation is sufficient to warrant a reduction of the sentence. Although this system helps to avoid expensive trails and provides evidence for future indictments, it also leads to longer prison terms for the minor participants in drug case (Schlosser 96).5 Informing on others has become not just a way to avoid punishment but a way of life. In 1985, the federal government spent $25 million on informers. An investigation by the National Law Journal found that the proportion of federal search warrants relying exclusively only on unidentified informers nearly tripled from 1980 to 1993, increasing from 24 percent (Schlosser 96).5 Informers have been caught framing innocent people. Law enforcement agents have been caught using nonexistent informers to justify search warrants. The legal and monetary rewards Rivera 6for informing on others have even spawned a whole new business. Children of the upper middle class are rarely sent to prison for marijuana offenses today. Parents usually enroll their children in private drug treatment programs before trial and hire attorneys who specialize in drug cases. The harshest punishments are given to people who wont cooperate with the government (Schlosser 96).5 Most of the people being imprisoned for marijuana offenses are ordinary people without important information to provide, large assets to trade, or the income to pay for high priced attorney. .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .postImageUrl , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:hover , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:visited , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:active { border:0!important; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:active , .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8 .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u15a24b62797095959c62aefbb4450dd8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jim Abbott EssayThe New England Journal of Medicine has joined doctors and patients in support of legalizing the medical use of marijuana (San Francisco Chronicle 1).7 Through largely illegal since 1937, marijuana may prove an effective alternative to more commonly prescribed drugs for some diseases (Morganthau 23).8 Marijuana is often useful in the treatment of the following conditions:Glaucoma: Marijuana, by reducing intraocular pressure, alleviates the pain and slows or halts the progress of the disease. Glaucoma, which damages vision by gradually increasing eye pressure over time, is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. Cancer: Marijuana alleviates the nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite caused by chemotherapy treatment. AIDS: Marijuana alleviates the nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite caused by the disease itself and by treatment with AZT and other drugs. Each of these uses has been recognized as legitimate a least once by various courts, legislatures, government, or scientific agencies throughout the United States. Currently such well respected Rivera 7organizations as the National Academy of Science (1982), the California Medical Association (1993), the Federation of American Scientists (1994), the Australian Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health (1994), the American Public Health Association (1995), the San Francisco Medical Society (1996), the California Academy of Family Physicians (1996), as well as several state nursing associations have supported the use of marijuana as medicine (Dont Jail Med. 1-2).9 . Marijuana could benefit as many as five million patients in the United States. However, except for t he eight individuals given permission by the federal government, marijuana remains illegal even as medicine (Dont Jail Med. 2).9 Unlike other sedative compounds, cannabinoids have their effect in the upper portions of the brain with physical effects medicated downward, rather than affecting lower center of the brain as with alcohol, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines. Reactions to cannabis products vary from totally beneficial and necessary for life, to harmful, dangerous, and to be avoided. As well as being a lifesaver it can also be life threatening (Mikuriya 17-18).10 As with any drug, cannabis is a tool. There will always be individuals that experience adverse consequences from drug use. The abuse of cannabis has been recognized for millennia. These problems were described by OShaughnessey during his observation in India in 1839, which include references in the Persian medical literature. With widespread non medical use of the drug for the past thirty years, Rivera 8psychiatrists have developed classifications of cannabis presented in the largest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Revision IV (DSM-IV) (Mikuriya 18).10 Secondary physical effect overdose are from the stimulation and sedation of the central nervous system. Encouragement with a flooding of ideas and images that are vivid and rapidly changing. Attention and concentration are markedly impaired. Time perception is significantly altered with minutes seeming like hours. There may be distortion of spatial perception. Clinically significant maladaptive behavior or psychological changes (e.g., impaired motor coordination, euphoria, anxiety, sensation of slowed time, impaired judgment, social withdrawal) that developed during, or shortly after, cannabis use (Mikuriya 19).10One must consider what moral messages are being portrayed in reference to people suffering with chronicle illnesses. At the same time, we must recognize the tremendous benefits marijuana has in helping someone to function on a day to d ay basic of pain and suffering. One can not suggest that drugs simply be made available to anyone. Using marijuana as medicine is not about encouraging kiddies to smoke dope (Marijuana as Medicine 1).3 As Lester Grinspoon and James B. Bakalar wrote in a 1995 editorial in The Journal of the American Medical Association; One of marihuanas greatest advantages as a medicine is its remarkable safety. It has little effect on major physiological functions. There is no known case of lethal overdose. On the basis of animal models, the Rivera 9ration of lethal to effective dose is estimated 40,000 to 1 (Postrel 1).11 The legislature of Washington State approved over 100,000 in 1996. to conduct clinical studies on patients to determine the effectiveness of medical marijuana in the treatment of serious illnesses. The appropriation also funds research on cultivating medical marijuana in a tamper free environment and explores potential ways in which the state can legally distribute the drug for m edical use (Dont Jail Med. 4). 9 Due in part to the activism of NORML members, a California initiative to legalize marijuana for medical purpose (Proposition 215) gather enough signatures to be placed on the November 1996 election ballot. In August, both the San Francisco Medical Society and The California Academy of Family Physicians representing a combined total of almost 10,000 physicians statewide endorse the proposition (Dont Jail Med 5).9 What can we do to help? We must stop building prisons instead we must rebuild our lives. .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .postImageUrl , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:hover , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:visited , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:active { border:0!important; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:active , .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9 .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufcaeb627798bc14e7f68b7292ab917a9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Raaaaa EssayRivera 10Works Cited1. Mikki, Norris, and Chris Conrad. Medical Marijuana Cases. N.p.: Inernet mario lap, 1996. 2. Foreman, Judy. Medical Marijuana (Acure or Curse). Boston Globe Boston, Mass. 7 Oct. 1991: 25-263. Grinspoon, Lester, and James B. Bakalar. Marihuana as Medicine A Plea for Reconsideration. American Medical Association. 273 (June 1995): 1875-1876. 4. Donnelly, Kathleen. The Cannabis Prescription. San Joes Mercury News, 6 Feb 5. 5. Schlosser, Eric. More Reefer Madness. Atlantic Apr. 1997: 90-1026. Deglamorising Cannabis. Editorial Lancet 11 Nov. 1995: 1241. 7. Marijuana as Medicine. Editorial San Francisco Chronicle 31 Jan. 1997: A24. 8. Morganthau, Tom. The War Over Weed. Newsweek 3 Feb. 1997: 20+. 9. Dont Jail Medicinal Marijuana Patients. Online NORML Internet. 21 Nov. 1996. 10. Mikuriya, Tod. Marijuana Medical Handbook. N.p.: Internet. 11. Postrel, Virginia I. Reefer Madness. Washington Post 3 Mar. 1997: 4.